地震灾害图
定义
显示在给定时间段内地震摇晃超过指定水平的概率的地图。用于工程师、规划者和保险公司评估地震风险。
示例
USGS的国家地震灾害图每6年更新一次，基于最新科学。
相关术语
相关指南
修正梅卡利烈度等级:测量你感受到的
The Modified Mercalli Intensity scale rates earthquake effects from I (not felt) to XII (total destruction). Learn what each level means.
地震频率:多久发生一次?
About 500,000 earthquakes occur yearly, but only 100 cause damage. Learn the frequency-magnitude relationship and why big quakes are rare.
你需要地震保险吗?完整指南
Homeowners insurance doesn't cover earthquakes. Learn who needs earthquake insurance, what it costs, and how to decide if it's worth the premium.
按州分类的地震保险:美国比较
Earthquake insurance availability and cost varies dramatically by US state. Compare rates and coverage options across high-risk and low-risk areas.
洪水保险vs地震保险:了解区别
Flood and earthquake insurance are separate policies with different rules. Understand which natural disasters are covered and where gaps exist.
地震变得更频繁吗?
It seems like earthquakes are increasing, but improved detection explains the trend. Learn what the data actually shows about earthquake frequency.
使你的家抗震:逐房间指南
Protect your home from earthquake damage with this room-by-room guide to securing furniture, appliances, and structural weak points.
环太平洋火山地震带:太平洋沿岸为何摇晃
90% of earthquakes occur around the Ring of Fire. Explore this 40,000 km horseshoe of volcanic and seismic activity.
断层的工作原理:走滑、正断和逆断
Faults are where earthquakes happen. Learn the three main fault types and how each produces different kinds of seismic events.
概率地震危害分析(PSHA)工具
PSHA tools calculate earthquake probabilities for any location. Learn how hazard maps are made and what they mean for your area.
相关案例研究
1999年伊兹密特地震:土耳其工业中心的北安那托利亚断层破裂
The latest in a remarkable 60-year westward migration of M7+ earthquakes along the North Anatolian Fault, with stress calculations now pointing directly at Istanbul for the next major rupture.
1970年安卡什地震:南美历史上最严重的地震
The deadliest earthquake in South American history, where a 50-million-cubic-meter avalanche from Mount Huascaran traveled at 300 km/h to bury the town of Yungay, killing 92% of its population.
1948年阿什哈巴特地震:数十年被隐瞒的苏联灾难
The most concealed earthquake disaster in history, where the Soviet government classified the true death toll of 110,000 as a state secret for 40 years.
1755年里斯本地震:撼动启蒙运动的灾难
The earthquake that launched both seismology as a science and modern emergency management, while simultaneously triggering a philosophical revolution.
常见问题解答
震中是地表上位于震源（地震破裂开始处）正上方的点。通常以经纬度坐标报告。最强的震动通常发生在震中附近，但当地土壤条件和断层几何形态可能使最大损害区域发生偏移。
地震仪（地震计）是检测和记录地震波引起的地面运动的仪器。现代宽频带地震仪可以检测到比原子宽度还小的运动。全球地震仪网络使科学家能够在几分钟内确定地震的位置和震级。
P波（纵波）是通过岩石传播最快的压缩波，最先到达地震台站。S波（横波）到达较晚但引起更大的地面震动。P波可以通过固体、液体和气体传播；S波只能通过固体传播。两者之间的时间差有助于确定地震的距离。
震源是地球内部地震破裂开始的点。它由经度、纬度和深度来描述。震源与其正上方地表之间的垂直距离即为地震深度，这对地表感受到的震动强度有很大影响。
地震学是研究地震和地震波在地球内部传播的科学学科。它包括地震检测、定位和特征描述、地球内部结构、地震危险性评估和地震工程。地震学家利用全球地震仪网络的数据来研究这些现象。