地震间隙
定义
活动断层的一部分，与相邻部分相比长期没有产生地震。地震间隙可能表示未来地震概率增加。
示例
圣安德烈亚斯断层帕克菲尔德段在其2004年地震前被识别为地震间隙。
相关术语
相关指南
2011年东北地震和海啸:完整分析
The 2011 M9.1 Tohoku earthquake triggered a devastating tsunami and nuclear disaster. A comprehensive analysis of one of history's worst earthquakes.
1976年唐山地震:中国最严重的灾难
The 1976 M7.5 Tangshan earthquake killed an estimated 242,000 people. The deadliest earthquake of the 20th century.
1995年神户地震:唤醒日本的事件
The 1995 M6.9 Kobe earthquake exposed critical flaws in Japan's earthquake preparedness, killing 6,400 and transforming building codes.
2023年土耳其-叙利亚地震:双重灾难
Two devastating earthquakes within hours killed over 50,000 in Turkey and Syria. The most destructive earthquake disaster of the 2020s.
1989年洛马普里埃塔地震:世界大赛地震
The 1989 M6.9 Loma Prieta earthquake struck during the World Series, collapsing freeways and exposing soft-story building dangers.
加州的大地震:区分事实与虚构
California's Big One is real science, not science fiction. Learn what seismologists actually predict and how California is preparing.
加州的地震环境:圣安德烈亚斯断层上的生活
California sits on the San Andreas Fault, one of the world's most studied. Learn about the Big One risk, ShakeAlert, and how Californians prepare.
新西兰阿尔卑斯断层:大地震在即
New Zealand's Alpine Fault has a 75% chance of rupturing within 50 years. Learn about this locked fault and its potential M8+ earthquake.
墨西哥的地震带:三重交汇点风险
Mexico City faces severe earthquake risk due to subduction zones and soft lake-bed soil amplification. Learn about SASMEX and seismic preparedness.
智利:地震最活跃的国家
Chile experiences more large earthquakes per capita than any nation. Learn how strict building codes have reduced casualties despite constant seismicity.
相关案例研究
2015年尼泊尔地震:喜马拉雅山移动,加德满都颤抖
The earthquake that demonstrated the Himalayas' ongoing collision in real time, with GPS measurements showing Nepal shifted 3 meters south, while only partially releasing centuries of accumulated tectonic strain.
2011年东北地震:M9.1巨型逆冲断层如何引发日本的三重灾难
The only earthquake in recorded history to trigger a simultaneous earthquake, tsunami, and nuclear disaster, fundamentally changing how nations assess cascading risk.
2010年海地地震:7.0级地震如何造成316,000人死亡
The deadliest earthquake relative to magnitude in modern history, demonstrating that building quality and governance -- not earthquake size -- determine whether people live or die.
2010年考蒂恩地震:智利的M8.8巨型逆冲断层和备灾的力量
The clearest modern comparison showing that building codes save lives -- a M8.8 earthquake in Chile killed 525 people while a M7.0 in Haiti (35 days earlier) killed 316,000.
1999年伊兹密特地震:土耳其工业中心的北安那托利亚断层破裂
The latest in a remarkable 60-year westward migration of M7+ earthquakes along the North Anatolian Fault, with stress calculations now pointing directly at Istanbul for the next major rupture.
常见问题解答
震中是地表上位于震源（地震破裂开始处）正上方的点。通常以经纬度坐标报告。最强的震动通常发生在震中附近，但当地土壤条件和断层几何形态可能使最大损害区域发生偏移。
地震仪（地震计）是检测和记录地震波引起的地面运动的仪器。现代宽频带地震仪可以检测到比原子宽度还小的运动。全球地震仪网络使科学家能够在几分钟内确定地震的位置和震级。
P波（纵波）是通过岩石传播最快的压缩波，最先到达地震台站。S波（横波）到达较晚但引起更大的地面震动。P波可以通过固体、液体和气体传播；S波只能通过固体传播。两者之间的时间差有助于确定地震的距离。
震源是地球内部地震破裂开始的点。它由经度、纬度和深度来描述。震源与其正上方地表之间的垂直距离即为地震深度，这对地表感受到的震动强度有很大影响。
地震学是研究地震和地震波在地球内部传播的科学学科。它包括地震检测、定位和特征描述、地球内部结构、地震危险性评估和地震工程。地震学家利用全球地震仪网络的数据来研究这些现象。