地震记录图
定义
地震仪的记录输出，显示地面运动随时间的变化。地震学家通过分析地震记录图来确定地震的震级、深度和位置。
示例
地震记录图清楚地显示P波比S波早到达30秒。
相关术语
相关指南
地震如何测量:震级 vs 烈度
Understand the critical difference between earthquake magnitude (energy released) and intensity (shaking felt), and why both measurements matter.
里氏量表解释:历史、公式和局限性
Discover the history of the Richter scale, how Charles Richter created it in 1935, and why scientists now prefer the moment magnitude scale.
P波和S波:地震波传播方式
Learn how P-waves and S-waves travel through Earth, why P-waves arrive first, and how scientists use them to locate earthquakes.
表面波:勒夫波和瑞利波解释
Surface waves cause the most earthquake damage. Understand how Love waves and Rayleigh waves move and why they're so destructive.
地震持续多长时间?
Most earthquakes last seconds, but great earthquakes can shake for minutes. Learn what determines duration and why it matters for damage.
地震仪如何工作:从模拟到数字
Seismographs detect ground motion as small as a nanometer. Learn the mechanics from Milne's pendulum to modern broadband sensors.
全球地震计网络解释
150+ stations monitor every earthquake on Earth. Learn how the GSN works and why it's essential for global seismic safety.
如何使用美国地质勘探局地震地图
The USGS earthquake map shows every detected earthquake in near-real time. Learn how to read it, filter data, and understand earthquake feeds.
如何读地震波记录
Seismograms record the ground motion of earthquakes. Learn to identify P-waves, S-waves, surface waves, and extract earthquake information.
解读地震数据:初学者指南
Learn to interpret earthquake data including magnitude, depth, intensity, and location. A practical guide to reading earthquake reports.
常见问题解答
震中是地表上位于震源（地震破裂开始处）正上方的点。通常以经纬度坐标报告。最强的震动通常发生在震中附近，但当地土壤条件和断层几何形态可能使最大损害区域发生偏移。
地震仪（地震计）是检测和记录地震波引起的地面运动的仪器。现代宽频带地震仪可以检测到比原子宽度还小的运动。全球地震仪网络使科学家能够在几分钟内确定地震的位置和震级。
P波（纵波）是通过岩石传播最快的压缩波，最先到达地震台站。S波（横波）到达较晚但引起更大的地面震动。P波可以通过固体、液体和气体传播；S波只能通过固体传播。两者之间的时间差有助于确定地震的距离。
震源是地球内部地震破裂开始的点。它由经度、纬度和深度来描述。震源与其正上方地表之间的垂直距离即为地震深度，这对地表感受到的震动强度有很大影响。
地震学是研究地震和地震波在地球内部传播的科学学科。它包括地震检测、定位和特征描述、地球内部结构、地震危险性评估和地震工程。地震学家利用全球地震仪网络的数据来研究这些现象。