Tectonic Plates
Earth's lithosphere is divided into tectonic plates that float on the asthenosphere. Most earthquakes occur along plate boundaries.
African
Large plate covering Africa and part of the Atlantic Ocean. Diverges from the South American Plate …
Antarctic
Plate underlying Antarctica and surrounding ocean. Surrounded by mid-ocean ridges.
Arabian
Drives into Eurasian plate causing earthquakes in Iran, Turkey, and the Middle East.
Caribbean
Small plate between North and South American plates. Source of Caribbean earthquakes.
Cocos
Oceanic plate subducting under Central America and Mexico, causing frequent large earthquakes.
Eurasian
Covers Europe and most of Asia. Collides with Indian Plate forming the Himalayas.
Indo-Australian
Sometimes divided into Indian and Australian plates. Drives into Eurasian plate.
Juan de Fuca
Subducting under Pacific Northwest, responsible for Cascadia megathrust earthquake risk.
Nazca
Oceanic plate subducting under South America, generating the world's most powerful earthquakes.
North American
Covers North America, Greenland, and part of the North Atlantic.
Pacific
Largest tectonic plate, almost entirely under the Pacific Ocean. The Ring of Fire follows its edges.
Philippine Sea
Complex plate driving seismicity across Japan, Philippines, and Taiwan.
Scotia
Small plate near southern tip of South America.
Somali
Rifting from African Plate along East African Rift System.
South American
Covers South America and part of South Atlantic. Subduction under Nazca Plate drives Andes earthqua…