汇聚型板块边界
定义
两个板块相互靠近的板块边界。可形成俯冲带（大洋-大陆）、造山运动（大陆-大陆）或深海海沟（大洋-大洋）。
示例
喜马拉雅山脉形成于印度板块和欧亚板块的汇聚边界处。
相关术语
相关指南
2015年尼泊尔地震:廓尔喀地震
The 2015 M7.8 Nepal earthquake devastated Kathmandu and triggered avalanches on Everest. A study in building vulnerability and international response.
土耳其的地震挑战:安那托利亚断层系统
Turkey's North and East Anatolian Faults produce devastating earthquakes. Learn about the tectonic forces and building safety challenges.
意大利的地震史:从庞贝到拉奎拉
Italy's collision with Africa creates significant seismic risk. Learn about historical earthquakes and the challenge of protecting ancient structures.
伊朗的地震灾害:碰撞带地震
Iran sits on the collision zone between the Arabian and Eurasian plates, producing frequent destructive earthquakes in vulnerable communities.
尼泊尔和喜马拉雅碰撞带
The India-Eurasia collision builds the Himalayas and creates major earthquake risk for Nepal, Bangladesh, and northern India.
希腊和地中海地震带
Greece is the most seismically active country in Europe. Learn about the Hellenic subduction zone and Mediterranean earthquake risk.
板块构造论:地震的发动机
How tectonic plates move, collide, and generate earthquakes — the fundamental theory explaining Earth's seismic activity.
俯冲带:地球最强大的地震工厂
Subduction zones produce the world's largest earthquakes including the M9.5 Chile 1960 event. Learn how they work and where they exist.
环太平洋火山地震带:太平洋沿岸为何摇晃
90% of earthquakes occur around the Ring of Fire. Explore this 40,000 km horseshoe of volcanic and seismic activity.
断层的工作原理:走滑、正断和逆断
Faults are where earthquakes happen. Learn the three main fault types and how each produces different kinds of seismic events.
相关案例研究
2015年尼泊尔地震:喜马拉雅山移动,加德满都颤抖
The earthquake that demonstrated the Himalayas' ongoing collision in real time, with GPS measurements showing Nepal shifted 3 meters south, while only partially releasing centuries of accumulated tectonic strain.
2010年考蒂恩地震:智利的M8.8巨型逆冲断层和备灾的力量
The clearest modern comparison showing that building codes save lives -- a M8.8 earthquake in Chile killed 525 people while a M7.0 in Haiti (35 days earlier) killed 316,000.
2008年四川地震:龙门山断层沿线87,000人死亡
The earthquake that forced China to confront endemic building code violations after thousands of 'tofu-dreg' school buildings collapsed while adjacent government structures survived, killing over 5,000 children.
2005年克什米尔地震:喜马拉雅边境87,000人死亡
The deadliest Himalayan earthquake in modern history, which killed 17,000 students in collapsed schools and demonstrated the extreme difficulty of disaster response in remote mountainous terrain.
1970年安卡什地震:南美历史上最严重的地震
The deadliest earthquake in South American history, where a 50-million-cubic-meter avalanche from Mount Huascaran traveled at 300 km/h to bury the town of Yungay, killing 92% of its population.
常见问题解答
震中是地表上位于震源（地震破裂开始处）正上方的点。通常以经纬度坐标报告。最强的震动通常发生在震中附近，但当地土壤条件和断层几何形态可能使最大损害区域发生偏移。
地震仪（地震计）是检测和记录地震波引起的地面运动的仪器。现代宽频带地震仪可以检测到比原子宽度还小的运动。全球地震仪网络使科学家能够在几分钟内确定地震的位置和震级。
P波（纵波）是通过岩石传播最快的压缩波，最先到达地震台站。S波（横波）到达较晚但引起更大的地面震动。P波可以通过固体、液体和气体传播；S波只能通过固体传播。两者之间的时间差有助于确定地震的距离。
震源是地球内部地震破裂开始的点。它由经度、纬度和深度来描述。震源与其正上方地表之间的垂直距离即为地震深度，这对地表感受到的震动强度有很大影响。
地震学是研究地震和地震波在地球内部传播的科学学科。它包括地震检测、定位和特征描述、地球内部结构、地震危险性评估和地震工程。地震学家利用全球地震仪网络的数据来研究这些现象。